0097 163. 24 7. Results, Calculations, Data, Figures   –  summarizes your observations, data, calculations, and results. 44 7. 50 7. Quite simply the analysis is everything that you do between data collection and the writing of the conclusion. Friction of the falling bob against the sparking wire slowed it down, meaning that the distance intervals that we measured are shorter than what they should have been.

If you’re the one who is always having hard times when writing a lab report. 0046 145. This activity is an introduction to physics laboratory investigations. The voltages as measured for the pressure and temperature transducers appear in Table A-1 of the Appendix. Temperature versus pressure, as calculated from the ideal gas equation. Submitted by Chad Orzel, Physics Department, Union College.

Remember that no experiment is 100% precise, because all measurements – made by humans or electronic data gathering tools – are imprecise to some limit. The uncertainty associated with the average C/D ratio is the standard error of the five C/D values, which is equal to the standard deviation (0. Both of these transducers produced voltage signals (in Volts) that were calibrated to the pressure (kPa) and temperature (K) of the air (the atmospheric pressure for where the experiment occurred is assumed to be 13. Be sure to add a sentence or two as to whether or not you believe the amount of observed random error impacted the results and if so, HOW the results were impacted (i. Make the lab instructor believe that you understand.

Guidelines for a Physics Lab Reports. ” )   Note that you should include in your results an estimate of the uncertainty of your calculations and experiment. 11 for this same ratio. The larger uncertainty from the graphical analysis suggests that the random measurement errors may be larger than estimated in the numerical analysis. As a guide, address the following questions in your conclusion. 0011 99.

17 6. This activity is an introduction to physics laboratory investigations. Data From Experiment
Voltagepres (V) Voltagetemp (V) Pressuremeas (kPa) Temperaturemeas (K) Temperatureideal (K) 6. From this final column arose Figure A-2, a graph of ideal temperature (K) versus pressure (kPa). ·      Identify any assumptions made during the experiment that may have ignored circumstances that in the end may have affected the results.

50 7. 69 8. These equations led to the values of pressure and temperature that are shown the third and fourth columns of Table A-1. Procedures

In this experiment, air (an ideal gas) was heated in a pressure vessel with a volume of 1 liter. These results support commonly accepted geometrical theory which states that C = p D for all circles. Given that the temperature and pressure ranges are large, the calibration equations between the voltage signals and the actual temperatures and pressures might not be precise for that entire range.

Figure A-1 shows the graph of temperature (K) versus pressure (kPa) for the measured case. Never include calculation errors as a source of error because a good researcher will notice these and immediately make corrections.    Do not spend enormous amounts of time explaining data that cannot be explained. 43 8. This is the meat of the lab report. Measurements are larger than they would have been otherwise, etc). 7276 where V equals the voltage output (volts) from pressure transducer, and p equals the absolute pressure (kPa).   Do not merely restate your data section; rather, make generalizations – e.

Main thesis about writing a physics lab report

As part of this experiment, the theoretical values of temperature were calculated for each measured pressure value. Ryerson University Department of Physics. This section must include complete details and be written clearly to allow readers to duplicate the experiment if they wish. The title should contain the name of the experiment performed, the date the experiment was performed, the names of all of the people who contributed to the lab report, and the name of the instructor of the lab. 0078 157. ”  For some experiments, it may be more appropriate to state the hypothesis that was being tested, e.

Finally, column 5 presents the ideal values of temperature for the corresponding measured values of pressure. The voltages as measured for the pressure and temperature transducers appear in Table A-1 of the Appendix. Column four presents the measured values of temperature (K) calculated from the calibration curve for the thermocouple:. How to Write Physics Lab Reports. Figure A-2 shows the graph of temperature versus pressure for the ideal case. Temperature versus pressure, as calculated from the ideal gas equation.

The C/D ratio for a perfect circle was defined long ago by the Greek symbol: pi = 3. This activity is an introduction to physics laboratory investigations.

. Data From Experiment
Voltagepres (V) Voltagetemp (V) Pressuremeas (kPa) Temperaturemeas (K) Temperatureideal (K) 6. The Purpose of the Report is to Communicate Truth. In essence this is a list of equations, but it goes one step further as it shows one example of every equation being used. 0107 184. This is where all of the science is. 0073 152. Differences existed in the experimental graph of temperature versus and pressure and the theoretical curve of temperature versus pressure. In longer and more complex experiments, you would include results of prior relevant research, too. A few letters can make a big difference in a scientific term. The diameter of each of the 5 objects was measured with either the ruler or caliper. Remember this is the meat of your report.     Relative to the claim just stated, now focus the readers’ attention on the evidence that supports the claims.

This is the punch line of this huge and massive joke-it needs to be good. From this final column arose Figure A-2, a graph of ideal temperature (K) versus pressure (kPa). In this calculation, which used the ideal gas equation, the volume and mass were assumed to be constant. 0020 102. 03 Figure A-1. 69 8. Finally, column 5 presents the ideal values of temperature for the corresponding measured values of pressure. 0073 152.

7276 where V equals the voltage output (volts) from pressure transducer, and p equals the absolute pressure (kPa). 0130 200. Appendix: Experimental Data and Plots

This appendix presents the data, calculations, and graphs from the experiment to verify the ideal gas equation. If a student did not contribute to the writing or analysis of the lab their name should not appear on the title page. State your goal in performing the lab and what you expect to learn from the lab. 69 8. Procedures

In this experiment, air (an ideal gas) was heated in a pressure vessel with a volume of 1 liter. The title should contain the name of the experiment performed, the date the experiment was performed, the names of all of the people who contributed to the lab report, and the name of the instructor of the lab. Temperature versus pressure, as measured by the transducers. A comparison between the graph showing measured data (Figure A-1) and the graph showing theoretical data (Figure A-2) reveals differences. 0114 187. Temperature versus pressure, as calculated from the ideal gas equation. A huge part of scientific investigations is to show how individual experimental results fit into the broader knowledge base. If you graphed data elements, and analyzed those plots, discuss what the graphs revealed.

Additional information about writing a physics lab report:

0064 147. In the equation, pV = mRT, where p is the pressure the gas, V is the volume, m is the mass, R is a constant, and T is temperature. 17 6. 0114 187. As shown in this graph, the relationship between temperature and pressure is exactly linear.

Graphical analysis lead to a less precise but equivalent estimate of 3. The objective of the experiment is to test whether the ideal equation of state holds. Because the ideal gas was in a closed container, its volume remained constant.   If you don’t know what your major will be, use the IEEE standards for citations, as I’ve shared in my online guide. DO NOT copy the procedure from the book or lab manual. “We found the acceleration of gravity to be g = 9.

Write the procedure in your own words and add notes and diagrams as necessary. Given that the temperature and pressure ranges are large, the calibration equations between the voltage signals and the actual temperatures and pressures might not be precise for that entire range. Introduction – describes the experiment, and why it was important. Column three shows the measured values of pressures calculated from the following calibration curve for the pressure transducer: p = 4. Several errors could explain the differences: precision errors in the pressure transducer and the thermocouple; bias errors in the calibration curve for the pressure transducer and the thermocouple; and imprecision in the atmospheric pressure assumed for the locale. Show schematic of experimental setup where necessary. Differences existed in the experimental graph of temperature versus and pressure and the theoretical curve of temperature versus pressure.

These theoretical values of temperature are shown in the final column of Table A-1. As a guide, address the following questions in your conclusion. 75 8. Interpretations should be supported whenever possible by references to the lab handout, your text, and/or other studies from the literature that can be properly cited. For many labs in your Physics classes at Chabot College, you’ll be asked to create a formal lab report. Figure A-2 shows the graph of temperature versus pressure for the ideal case.

The uncertainty in the measurements could be due to the paper-wrapping method of measuring the circumference, circles that may not be perfect, and the limited precision of the measuring devices. 69 8. Several errors could explain the differences: precision errors in the pressure transducer and the thermocouple; bias errors in the calibration curve for the pressure transducer and the thermocouple; and imprecision in the atmospheric pressure assumed for the locale. Do not assume that science (or an essay topic) is too complicated for you to understand. The first two columns of Table A-1 show the measured voltages from the pressure transducer and the temperature transducer. If changes are made in the lab record them, if certain elements of the lab are not performed record the differences, or if you use a particular piece of equipment that is unique, make note of it.

In this investigation, we examined the hypothesis that the circumference (C) and diameter (D) of a circle are directly proportional

Sample Lab Report #2 in the Writing Guidelines for Engineering and Science Students: guidelines to help students of science and engineering make their . 0114 187. These differences, however, can be accounted for by experimental error. Just be sure you have fully answered EACH question in this section of the report. Analysis and graphs are listed as two separate sections when in fact they are part of a larger whole, but many students loose sight of the fact that there are in fact two distinct steps. Summarize the basic physics of your experiment. Hence the calculated average velocities are consistently smaller and the slope of velocity vs. Writing Lab Reports and Scientific Papers by Warren D.    Do not spend enormous amounts of time explaining data that cannot be explained. The standard everyday lab report consists of the following sections. 0011 99. From these maps, the wavelength-dependence of the biological samples, characterized by a power law exponent value, was used to quantitatively differentiate between the healthy lymphocytes, granulocytes and the leukemia cells (Results).

Site Links:
Writing Guidelines
Writing Exercises
This web page presents a sample laboratory report written in a thermal fluids course (ME 2984) at Virginia Tech. Accompanying this report is a Lab Handout that states what the instructors expected as far as the scope of the experiment and the depth and organization of the report. 32 7. 50 7. From our numerical results, we would expect the slope of the C vs.

17 6. Your reader is more likely to accept your claim as true if you can demonstrate that the actual evidence that supports the claim is valid. The conclusion will include your results, any relationships (or equations) that you have discovered. 03 Figure A-1. 0097 163. The first two columns of Table A-1 show the measured voltages from the pressure transducer and the temperature transducer.

Temperature and Pressure Measurements of an Ideal Gas
That Is Heated in a Closed Container

Introduction

This report discusses an experiment to study the relationship of temperature and pressure of an ideal gas (air) that was heated in a closed container. 0031 119. Make the lab instructor believe that you understand. From these maps, the wavelength-dependence of the biological samples, characterized by a power law exponent value, was used to quantitatively differentiate between the healthy lymphocytes, granulocytes and the leukemia cells (Results). In addition, the actual process of writing reports will help sharpen abilities associated with scientific inquiry, reasoning and communication all of which are an integral part of the scientific process. Figure A-1 shows the graph of temperature (K) versus pressure (kPa) for the measured case. The experiment went as expected with no unusual events that would have introduced error.

This activity is an introduction to physics laboratory investigations. The experiment went as expected with no unusual events that would have introduced error. 0011 99. 14 = 2%), which suggests that the C/D ratio is a constant value. 7276 where V equals the voltage output (volts) from pressure transducer, and p equals the absolute pressure (kPa). From these values, a graph between temperature (K) and pressure (kPa) was created (Figure A-1).

If you do not feel the results were biased one way or the other as a result of this error, clearly state this

0011 99. Sample Laboratory Report #2

Sample Reports:
Lab Handout
Sample Lab Report #1 Contents:
Introduction
Procedures
Results and Discussion
Appendix Site Links:
Writing Guidelines
Writing Exercises
This web page presents a sample laboratory report written in a thermal fluids course (ME 2984) at Virginia Tech. Writing a lab report is the only way your TA will know what you have done during. Both of these transducers produced voltage signals (in Volts) that were calibrated to the pressure (kPa) and temperature (K) of the air (the atmospheric pressure for where the experiment occurred is assumed to be 13. 44 7. For this reason, we performed several studies to assess the potential of light scattering spectroscopy to determine whether unique light scattering signatures can differentiate leukemic from healthy white blood cells (Problem Statement).